![]() I rather suspect that the ice at the rock interface plastically deforms in a continuous fashion, without melting, and by this process in able to move slowly downhill over a stationary rock surface. 003 mm/sec (ref: ) generates much heat flux (W/m^2 of contact area), especially if it were to be “lubricated” with liquid water as you assert. I seriously doubt that glacial ice, moving at typical glacial advance speeds of 25 cm/day, or. ![]() ![]() and why do you assert that frictional heat remains at the interface of, oh, say -20 ☌ long enough to raise the interface to 0 ☌ whereupon phase change can occur, as opposed to being conducted away from the interface (either into underlying rock or into overlaying ice) well before the interface can be heated to 0 ☌? (1961).įriction between a moving ice mass and the underlying rock causes HOW MUCH heat energy to be generated?. ![]() Bridgman, The Thermodynamics of Electrical Phenomena in Metals and a Condensed Collection of Thermodynamic Formulas, Dover Publications, Inc. Bridgman, “A Complete Collection of Thermodynamic Formulas,” Physical Review, Vol. Callen, Thermodynamics: An Introduction to the Physical Theories of Equilibrium Thermostatistics and Irreversible Thermodynamics, John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, New York, (1960). Įvgeni Isenko, Renji Naruse, and Bulat Mavlyudov, “Water temperature in englacial and supraglacial channels: Change along the flow and contribution to ice melting on the channel wall,” Cold Regions Science and Technology, Vol. #Thermodynamics calculator water steam ice physics pdf#The temperature increase for compression of subcooled liquid water is estimated in the attached PDF FILE. The recommendation is particularly valid whenever thermal interactions between the fluid and channel walls, i.e. heat transfer, is the focus of the application. In general, textbooks recommend that temperature increase due to viscous dissipation can be neglected for all but a few special situations. When the process is considered to be compression of subcooled liquid water isolated from interactions with its surroundings, the temperature increase is estimated to be about 0.01 K per 100 m. As in the subject papers of the previous post, the temperature increase is too high. That is, the total potential energy at the top of a column of water is converted to thermal energy content by the action of viscous dissipation. The calculation by the authors is related the same concept that is the subject of this previous post. The same can be said relative to flows upward against gravity. Especially note that for the case of flows in horizontal channels, for which the potential energy change is zero, apparently there would not be any temperature changes. Note that the temperature change is given independent of any other information relating to flow velocity, kinetic energy, viscosity, dissipation, or any details of the flow channel that might affect conversion to thermal energy by viscous dissipation of kinetic energy. The described process corresponds to isentropic compression of liquid water by increasing the pressure by about 1 MPa, through a change in elevation of 100.0 m. “According to the conservation of energy, the loss of potential energy for a volume of water is sufficient to warm it by 0.2 C for each 100 m of lowering.” ![]() The second paragraph of the introduction states: I recently ran across the paper by Isenko et al. ![]()
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